How to Remove Ball Point Pen Ink

Ballpoint pen ink is not something that you can usually remove with simple soap and water, but there is an easy and inexpensive way to remove pen ink from surfaces or clothing. Materials You Will Need to Remove Pen Ink You can use any of a number of common household chemicals to lift away ink. The best of these is alcohol, because it dissolves pigments that are soluble in both water and organic solvents and because its gentle enough that it wont discolor or damage most fabrics. Rubbing alcohol (isopropyl alcohol)Shaving cream (if the alcohol doesnt remove the ink)Hairspray (if neither the alcohol nor shaving cream works)Non-flammable dry cleaning fluid (another option) Ink Removal Instructions Dab rubbing alcohol onto the ink.Allow a couple of minutes for the alcohol to penetrate the surface and react with the ink.Blot the ink stain using layers of white paper towels or a cloth that has been dampened in either alcohol or water.If the alcohol is ineffective, try using foaming shaving cream.If the shaving cream doesnt work, hairspray usually will remove ink, but it should only be used as a last resort because hairspray damages some surfaces and fabrics.A non-flammable dry cleaning fluid may remove certain inks. If you use dry cleaning fluid to remove a stain, rinse the area with water afterward. Gel ink pens use an ink that is made to be permanent. Alcohol will not remove gel ink, nor will acid. Sometimes it is possible to wear away gel ink using an eraser. Ink stains in wood usually involve gouges in the wood, which makes it harder to get to the ink. Be sure to remove all traces of alcohol from the wood after the ink has been removed, rinse the affected area with water, and condition the wood to help reverse the drying effects of the alcohol. Why Ballpoint Ink is so Hard to Remove The reason ballpoint pen ink is so tricky to remove is its chemical composition. Ballpoint pens and felt-tip markers consist of pigments and dyes suspended in water and organic solvents, which may include toluene, glyco-ethers, propylene glycol, and propyl alcohol. Other ingredients may be added to help the ink flow or stick to the page, such as resins, wetting agents, and preservatives. Basically, removing the ink requires a solvent that works with both polar (water) and nonpolar (organic) molecules. Because of the nature of the ink, its important to remove the stain before dry cleaning, because the solvents used in the process can release the stain and spread it to other parts of the fabric.

Frank OConnors Guests of the Nation - 1426 Words

In Frank O’Connor’s â€Å"Guests of the Nation,† the narrator, called Bonaparte by his fellow rebels, recounts his reluctant role in the execution of two English soldiers in retaliation for the slaughter of four Irish rebels. OConnor develops this conflict between revolutionary attitudes in the strained relationship between the narrator and Jeremiah Donovan, the experienced rebel, who has the responsibility for fulfilling the Second Battalion’s order to shoot the prisoners. The young revolutionary Bonaparte discovers, in his imprudent acceptance of group values, evil within himself. Against his ideal of actions appropriate to him as an individual, Bonaparte and his fellow-revolutionary Noble, at the insistence of their superior officer who†¦show more content†¦He is driven by his obligations to the military instructions that have been given to him by Feeney. He chooses to follow these orders and blame â€Å"the deliberate inhumanity† of the killings on his duty to the Irish cause (Mowery). Donovan and Feeney place devotion to the cause above humanity (Renner). Despite serious reservations, Bonaparte and Noble go along with the plan for the execution. What prevails their moral objection is the pressure exerted by their peers (Donovan and Feeney, the local intelligence officer) and by the social situation. According to Michael Neary, the two men are disillusioned by the orders to execute their good-natured and thoroughly harmless English prisoners. Still, they refuse to assume responsibility for their own and their prisoners’ destiny. Ironically named after Napoleon Bonaparte, a military leader in every aspect, OConnors Bonaparte is the most reluctant and inexperienced of soldiers. Although he believes he wants to engage in combat, by the end of the story, as Noble feels ignoble, Bonaparte feels disgusted with the militarism his name suggests (Evans). The young Bonaparte struggles with the tormenting conflict between loyalty to his group and loyalty to his own developing sense of right and wrong. As the moment of execution nears, the older narrator further indicates his changing values by condemning Donovan’s explanations as â€Å"the usual rigmarole† and by contrasting Donovan’s â€Å"cold and excited voice† with Belcher’sShow MoreRelatedGuests of the Nation896 Words   |  4 PagesGuests of the Nation From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Guests of the Nation is a short story written by Frank OConnor, first published in 1931, portraying the execution of two Englishmen held captive by the Irish Republican Army during the War for Independence. The story is split into four sections, each section taking a different tone. The first reveals a real sense of camaraderie between the English prisoners, with the two Englishmen being killed, and the final lines of the story describeRead MoreGuests of the Nation756 Words   |  4 PagesNatural Empathy: Duty and Responsibility in Guests of the Nation Frank OConnor uses character surnames in his story Guests of the Nation to help develop the characters of the English and Irish soldiers. The characters engage in a struggle between hidden powers of empathy and duty, and OConnor displays their first-person point of view about the irony of war similar to Thomas Hardys poem, The Man He Killed: Yes; quaint and curious war is! You shoot a fellow down Youd treat if metRead MoreDuty and Responsibility in Guests Of The Nation Essay741 Words   |  3 PagesNatural Empathy: Duty and Responsibility in Guests of the Nation Frank OConnor uses character surnames in his story Guests of the Nation to help develop the characters of the English and Irish soldiers. The characters engage in a struggle between hidden powers of empathy and duty, and OConnor displays their first-person point of view about the irony of war similar to Thomas Hardys poem, The Man He Killed: Yes; quaint and curious war is! You shoot a fellow down Youd treat if metRead MoreHistory of the Development of the Short Story.3660 Words   |  15 Pagesmagazine’s history to that time. Other frequent contributors during the last 1940s included John Cheever, John Steinbeck, Jean Stafford and Eudora Welty. J. D. Salingers â€Å"Nine Stories† (1953) experimented with point of view and voice, while Flannery O’Connors â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† (1955) reinvigorated the Southern Gothic style. When Life magazine published Ernest Hemingways long short story (or novella) The Old Man and the Sea in 1952, the issue containing this story sold 5,300,000 copies in

Business Management Essay Example For Students

Business Management Essay Business Management Essay Paper The world of business has undergone radical and dramatic changes in the last decade changes that present extraordinary challenges for the contemporary manager. A manager is an organizational member who is responsible for planning, organizing, leading, and controlling the activities of the organization so that the goals can be achieved. According to a widely referenced study by Henry Mintzberg, managers serve three primary roles: interpersonal, informational, and decision-making. Management is process of administrating and coordinating resources effectively and efficiently in an effort to achieve the goals of the organization. The concept of management within an organization typically occurs in an organizational setting. Smart money is simply capital, and a business needs a lot of it to survive. Today one in ten businesses survive for more than a year. It is hard to start up a successful business today and even harder to maintain a successful business status. An entrepreneur will raise capital through numerous ways. He can look for investors that wish to gain a small silent partnership in the business, loans can be taken from a bank and one of the most common types of capital comes from the stock market. A business owner will take his company public on the stock exchange in order to raise money. While money is being raised, the owner has to determine a ballpark figure on how much he will need to run this business. Today it is said you should have sufficient capital to be able to support your business for two years without returning a profit. After the initial start up is complete then skill and determination is needed to keep the business going. Cost is the area within a business where profit is made. Cost is the amount of money, which is spent to produce the tangible and or intangible goods or services of your business. These costs affect the price of the product and or service that you are selling. One type of cost is called fixed cost. This type of cost is the expense of a business that does not change and are always constant in a business. When money is made, debts are the first initiative to be paid off. Fixed costs include rent, wages to employees, and equipment needed to produce you good and or service. In for example a Flower shop, the fixed costs would be the rent on the building, the payment of the delivery vans, and employee salaries. The other type of costs is called variable cost. This type of cost is one that is ever changing. Again in a Flower shop the variable costs would be a dozen roses. One week a dozen roses may cost the flower shop five dollars to buy them and then they sell them for forty-five dollars. Then the next week the price of the roses my rise by five dollars now costing the flower shop ten so in order for the florist to make the same amount of money as last week he needs to increase his price to the consumer with the increase on price he is paying. The basic main idea of cost is to keep it as low as possible to gain the highest profits. Determining the profit of a business is another major part of management. Profit is the total income that you receive after paying all of your debts. All debts include for example rent, wages, and interest. A general formula to calculate profit is P = R C. This says when total revenue is subtracted from costs or debts you will get you profit earnings. Management is needed to make sure that allocating the necessary resources to in the end cover all of the debts and return a profit makes enough revenue. Salaries are based upon an employees age, skill, knowledge of the business and experience in the .

The Advantages and Disadvantages of the World Becoming Smaller Essay Example

The Advantages and Disadvantages of the World Becoming Smaller Paper The Advantages and Disadvantages of the World Becoming Smaller Thanks to the development of science and technology, the distance between countries seems to be narrowed. We can communicate or cooperate with people everywhere. Thats why people say the world is becoming smaller. This tendency brings us more good chances for making relationships and business, yet, it also causes some drawbacks like losing traditions or unsteady economic condition. In the past, it was impossible for a man living in Vietnam to keep contact with his relatives in America. But nowadays, with computers and telephones, we can not only talk with others but also see their lively images through any distance. Besides, we can also make friends with people from different places on this earth if we are interested in. By car, train or plane we can travel around and discover all the remote corners of this globe, which helps enrich our knowledge about countries and people all over the world each day and the relationship between humanbeings become closer than ever. To businessmen, this tendency brings them alots of benefits. First of all, they can spread their market, in other words, they will have more customers, which means they can get more money. Second, they can use cheaper labour source and meterials in less developed countries to reduce the manufacturing cost. Third, because of different frequencies and tastes of people, they will have a wide choice in business aspects. It can be said that businessmen is the group getting most advantages from the world becomes smaller. We will write a custom essay sample on The Advantages and Disadvantages of the World Becoming Smaller specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Advantages and Disadvantages of the World Becoming Smaller specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Advantages and Disadvantages of the World Becoming Smaller specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer However, global village also gives us some disadvantages. In the process of globalization, the cultures have interfered with one another. Although some countries can collect more good customs, some are losing their tradition. Tradition is one important part of a nation, which are conceptions, habbits and noble values maintained for thousands of years. So when they lose traditions, they lose themselves and become other peoples. Another bad point is that joining to the global village, ountries have to apply open trade policy,which causes some difficulties to developing countries. As the economy of these countries is still weak, their companies can not affort to compete with foreign ones with modern technology and much experience. This leads to the bankrupcy of many mills and the unemployment condition, which will be a burden for both the governments and the entire poupulation. Even having some disadvantages, globalization is an essental inclination.

Government involvement in the economy where the line between delicate care and tight control should be drawn

Government involvement in the economy where the line between delicate care and tight control should be drawn Introduction Although government often influences the economy of the state greatly, the link between the two is rather loose. In fact, once a state allows private entrepreneurship, economy is no longer in the hands of those beholding power – on the contrary, these are business people who shape the realm of the state’s economy, thus, contributing to its development and enhancing the cooperation with foreign countries.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Government involvement in the economy: where the line between delicate care and tight control should be drawn specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Naturally, letting the state economy be guided by private industries must seem extremely risky to the government, which must be the key reason why in most states, the question whether economy should be government-driven or powered by private entrepreneurships solely remains open. Like many other dilemmas, the given one seems to have its solution concealed in between the choices. While private entrepreneurships must be the key driving power behind the state economy, in the instances of crises, the interference of the government is crucial for the state economy to be stable; however, in an attempt to control the market and prevent the possibility of a crisis, the government creates obstacles in the way of private enterprises development. Government Control vs. Freedom of Entrepreneurship: The Golden Mean Whenever government tries to take control over the state economy and coordinate the actions of private entrepreneurs, the progress of the state is threatened, mostly because authorities tend to impose their vision of what strategies the companies should adopt. Therefore, basically, by intruding into the sphere of private entrepreneurship, the government creates only two problems, yet these problems affect the business sphere immensely, shaping the economy of the state and influencing other fields, such as finances, social life, the international image of the state, etc. To be more exact, with its interference into the realm of private business, government restrains entrepreneurship and intrudes rudely into the financial operations of private businessmen, which can be viewed as the infringement of the latter’s rights. Another obvious problem with the intrusion of the state into the private business sphere is that the solutions to the problems, as well as the strategies, cannot possibly take into account every single specifics of the company in question; otherwise, the state would have to control every single move of every single company, which would be practically impossible.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To make the matters worse, the principles of organizational and industrial psychology would be ignored completely in the cases when the state would have to make a decision for the company. Therefore, not only the financial state of affairs in the company would gradually turn worse, but also the company culture and the quality of the organizational behavior. Finally, being ruled by the government, an organization can possibly lose the track of the updates on the company data, which will definitely lead to the organization’s rapid decay. The last, but definitely not the least argument concerns personal freedom. Even though the state control over entrepreneurships might be viewed as the means to make certain that the state economy is going in the right direction, it must be admitted that the unceasing manipulation of private companies by the government can be regarded as the infringement of people’s rights to run their own business. It would be wrong, however, to claim that the government must not interfere into the state economy under any circumstances. While in the realm of reasonable competition and great financial assets of the country, private entrepreneurship will most likely flourish even in the foreign market, combining their own advantages with the support that the state gives them, in the crisis environment, private enterprises will need considerable help. At this point, the government should provide businesses with financial, economic and moral support for them to feel safe even in such critical situation. Therefore, the positive aspects of government interfering the economic affairs of the state enterprises is that in cases of crises, government helps find the ways to deal with the crisis faster, offering at the same time financial support. In case of a crisis, there are three basic steps that the government can take to help entrepreneurships, including cutting taxes, providing the growth of money supply and making the interest rates rise. Though cutting taxes might lead to the problems regarding free state services, for example, providing free medical help (Medicare), or offering free tuit ion in public schools, together with the pension cuts, state grants and other monetary supplies. That being said, it becomes clear that the growth of money supply for the private entrepreneurships will most likely strike a fraction of the state population, who are just as vulnerable towards shifts in the state economy as private entrepreneurships. However, the changes listed above often happen to be very difficult to carry out. Since the slightest change in the governmental policy regarding a specific issue will inevitably trigger a rapid change in the related fields, the government is often quite reluctant to shape the existing policy.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Government involvement in the economy: where the line between delicate care and tight control should be drawn specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, once the government takes actions, the rest of the fields in economy, politics and finances will d emand further changes. Hence, it can be concluded that the governmental impact on the economic progress of the state can be quite positive as long as the government does not impose its will on the private enterprises for them to change their strategy and shape their course of actions towards the one that the state authorities consider more reasonable. Working on the Probable Solutions: Reaching a Compromise Although the issue concerning the state control over entrepreneurship is rather complicated, it can still be solved once the owners of private enterprises, as well as the representatives of the government structures, try to find a common language and search for possible compromises. However, one issue must be made perfectly clear; on no account may private entrepreneurship be ruled by any other person than its legal owner. After the owners of private companies realize that they have the right to control their enterprise on their own, they will be able to work on a reasonable solu tion to the given issue. Among the already existing suggestions, the mixed economy should be mentioned. According to the existing definition, a mixed economy is the economic strategy that defines the role of the government as protecting public companies and preserving the private ones. It is important to keep in mind that the economical performance of a state should be defined by its GDP (Gross Domestic Product, i.e., the productivity of the companies within a particular country) and GNP (the productivity of the companies belonging to the residents of the specified country). Therefore, it is essential that private enterprises should be encouraged and not restricted by the governmental policies. Needless to say, the sphere of the governmental influence should be restricted to consulting and drawing possible plans for the further development; however, according to what Gitelson, Dudley and Dubnik say, the current American government seems to have adopted a more compromising policy tow ards private companies: â€Å"On the fiscal side, the Obama Administration asked Congress for both tax cuts and a massive ‘stimulus package’ that would boost government spending† (Gitelson, Dudley and Dubnik 395). Therefore, it is clear that compromise is achievable, yet both sides need to work on the strategy that will allow for as much flexibility as possible. Conclusion Judging by the fact that the state economy rates are predetermined by the GNP and GDP indices, which are shaped mostly by private entrepreneurships, which seem to be well aware of their strengths and weaknesses, as well as the strategies that are most likely to help them succeed both in the domestic and foreign market, it is most reasonable to allow private entrepreneurship choose their own ways of development and create marketing strategies. However, in the case of an economic or financial crisis brought on by the outside factors, the interference of the government is essential for the well-be ing of the national economy.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, it can be considered that the best strategy for any government in general and the American government in particular will be to leave the economic strategies development to the owners of the enterprises and private analysts, and appear only when there is the need to use the help of the governmental authorities specializing in economic issues. Unless private enterprises are given an opportunity for growth, the state is most likely to be stuck in the economic recession. Gitelson, Alan R., Robert L. Dudley and Melvin J. Dubnik. American Government. Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning, 2011. Print.

Reason for decline of trust empathy and civic engagement to us Essay

Reason for decline of trust empathy and civic engagement to us government, influence to democracy and solution - Essay Example In other words, trust and understanding between the government and its people are essential for a country’s government to work well. Moreover, civic engagement is also an essential condition for a country’s healthy political environment. The term civic engagement refers to community’s joining together to be a collective source of change, and which can be political and non-political in their nature and objective (Wikipedia). The positivity of attending community activities can be a way of viewing citizens’ positivity of caring about their country’s politics. However, in recent years, trust, empathy as well as civic engagement have gradually declined between the federal government and US citizens. There are growing negative reasons for the declining for today’s America, and the major reasons can be attributed to citizens’ lack of political knowledge and enthusiasm. When politicians lack efficiency and do not keep good communication with their people, they tend to lose public trust and empathy; and this will affect both the country and the government in the long run. Moreover, media plays a major role in revealing the ugly facet of politics, which makes Americans skeptical about their government. Evidently, both US citizens and the US government officials should be responsible for the declining of trust, empathy and civic engagement prevailing in the country. As for the citizens, Volgy claims that US citizens neither have political knowledge nor they try to understand it. Also, they may not even know about the personal lives of their own political representatives. As Volgy writes,â€Å"Yet few if any citizens have much inkling about the daily lives of those who represent us in the government† (37). Politics is often made much more complex with what we read and watch over media. However, most people have no patience at all to comprehend the situations and support the government in crucial times. People may have many

Prophecy and Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Prophecy and Justice - Essay Example For instance, the Israelites had a conviction that divine messages were often communicated to a prophet via visions and dreams. This paper discusses ancient prophets from their different background because each prophet spoke primarily in and their own life situation. In most circumstances, prophets were against a social or king’s policies or religious injustice in the society (Frigge 77). Prophet message was a reality that many people feared to hear. In addition, prophets faced opposing and suffering at the hands of their people and leaders such as Kings. It is vital to note that Israel had both female and male prophets who delivered Gods messages to the people. Prophets believed that they received divine call from Yahweh to proclaim God message to the people. In both the old and new testament the word of God is preached relentlessly with proclamation that those who do not adhere to the teachings of God, will burn in hell while those who listens and practices the word of God w ill go to heaven and thus have an eternal life. For a long time, Israel had an oracle culture in that the spoken word of God was very significant in a person’s life. This is because it conveyed the information from God and meant the presence of the person speaking (Frigge 77). Examples of the prophet who prophesized are Amos, Hosea, first Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel and second Isaiah. Prophets used symbolic language in order to pass their information to the people. For instance, marriage relationship was used to show that God was seen as a faithful husband while the people as unfaithful wife; adultery and prostitution showed Israel praise and worship of false gods. More so, vine and vineyard was used to present Israel as vine planted in good soil and given maximum care by God. Unfortunately, the Vine produced rotten fruits which resemble the behavior of Israelites (St. Mary’s Bible). In addition, God is presented as a caring and loving father who cared for his children. Prophets were called discern Gods message to the people at a crucial point in Israel when there was political and religious intolerance. They were given the role to come and give message of peace and hope to those who were exploited by the government. Prophets came to proclaim justice for the people in that they warned people to worship God alone. In this sense, the people of Israel were offer rituals worship to God in that worship of any other was not right as per the law of Torah. In addition, people were encouraged to practice and exercise social justice since they were Gods people. For them to be free they were to treat one another righteously as God treated them; therefore, they were to care and liberate for each other as children of God. They warned that those people, who resisted the prophets, resisted Gods word and therefore, they were destined to perish. After the exile, God was willing to act again and give life in order to bring people back to covenant faithfulness. Due t o God’s mercy to his people, he was ready to give them a second chance to work for him (St. Mary’s Bible). The leaders had failed to direct their subjects to the right path in that they engaged in all sorts of political and religious injustice making their people to follow what they said. For instance, some leaders made their subjects to worship idols and did not care about the weakest and poor people in society. In order to save his people from exploitation, Davidic covenant was instituted to protect and preserve the